Techniques of improvement often used

Between the managerial processes components of quality management, continuous quality improvement has a dominant role in reducing costs and in the economic growth of organizations. Continuous improvement refers primarily to improve the process and is used to identify, analyze and improve existing processes in an organization to achieve goals and objectives.
Depending on the complexity of the problems, degree of staff involvement, with or without statistical methods, methodologies used most in problems solving are:
• PDCA – (Plan-Do-Check-Act), also called the Deming cycle, which was designed and graphically represented by W.E. Deming and is considered the basic cycle of any improvement action;
• Quality circles or "quality control circles" - groups of volunteer employees to solve problems in teams; have appeared in Japan since 1957;
....